![]() Recombinant technology allows bacteria to produce the same insulin protein produced in the human pancreas. However beef insulin importation to the US is complicated by its strict availability via a special access program (similar to “right-to-try” or compassionate use). Porcine and bovine insulins imported from the UK are available in Canada. 3 The nervous tissues are the most likely to transmit BSE prions but any tissue, including the pancreas, may carry prions. Bovine insulin may convey the infectious prions that cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy ('mad cow disease'). Porcine insulin has been unavailable in the United States since 2006 and the last bovine insulin producer discontinued its product in 1998. Porcine and bovine insulins are available outside the United States and patients may import them for personal use, if necessary. Yet there is no single authority identifying kosher and halal goods, therefore there is some disagreement about whether dietary laws apply to these medications at all. Porcine-derived pharmaceuticals, such as desiccated thyroid, heparin, pancreatic enzymes, and non-human insulins, are strictly non-kosher/halal. Omega-3 fish oil may run afoul of kashrut/halal law depending on its source. Isinglass can be non-kosher if produced from sturgeon (its traditional source), but other fishes are available. For example, 1 brand's levomilnacipran capsules’ package insert mentions shellac under “What are the ingredients in FETZIMA?” 2įungal glucosamine is a vegan, and kosher alternative to shellfish chitin. ![]() 1 Consult package inserts to identify inactive ingredients of interest. Capsule shells are often composed of gelatin, but 115 different dosage forms (including dental pastes, syrups, and wafers) also contain gelatin. The FDA has a search engine to identify products containing a certain excipient, such as gelatin. Non-kosher creatures produce these products. For example, pig hoof is the usual gelatin source, the lac bug secretes shellac, and the cochineal scale insect produces carmine dye. Vegan options are a solution when only non-conforming or uncertain products are available. Kosher and halal diet adherents share concerns with those on vegan diets. Animal by-products are ubiquitous, although meat and other flesh are less commonly used. Lactose, lanolin (sheep wool wax), and beeswax are other common animal by-products in pharmaceuticals. Carrageenan, made from red algae, is one alternative for gelatin used in vegan beverages. For example, beer and wine may be clarified with isinglass (actually fish bladder gelatin). An individual with a vegan diet may abstain from consuming animal by-products (eggs, milk, etc.) or even products manufactured with animals or animal by-products.
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